benzène
- Domaine
-
- pétrole et gaz naturel
- Date
Définitions :
Liquide incolore servant de type. F : 5,493° (solide orthorhombique).
Liquide incolore obtenu par la distillation du goudron et du wagout. Utilisé dans la production des vernis et des laques. Solvant pour caoutchouc, résines et huiles.
Terme :
- benzène n. m.
Terme associé :
- benzine n. f.
Traductions
-
anglais
Date :Définition
The most important and versatile aromatic hydrocarbon; its molecule is made up of six carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal ring, and to each of the carbon atoms, a hydrogen atom is attached (C6H6). This structure is called the benzene ring or nucleus. There are three double bonds, and this unsaturation contributes greatly to the chemical reactivity of benzene. It forms a vast number of derivatives by the replacement of one or more of its hydrogen atoms with other elements, groups, or side chains; the ring may also appear in double or triple fused form, or it may be attached to other homo-or heterocyclic structures. From benzene are derived a tremendous number of aromatic compounds used as dyes, plastics, detergents, elastomers, medicinal chemicals, insecticides, and solvents; among the chemicals made from it are nitrobenzene, ethylbenzene, dichlorobenzene, benzenesulfonic acid, styrene, phenol, aniline, and cyclohexane. Benzene, b.p. 80 °C (176 °F), is a mobile liquid, lighter than water, with quite a strong odor; it blends well with other hydrocarbon liquids but is not miscible with water. It is made from toluene (a petroleum product) by hydrodealkylation, a catalytic process which removes the methyl group, or from coal tar by fractional distillation. It is nonpolar and thus is a poor conductor of electricity. Its vapors are highly flammable and have a narcotic effect on inhalation. It is widely used as a solvent for oils, gums, fats, and waxes.
A solvent and intermediate in the production of nylon and styrene.
A colourless liquid obtained by distilling coal tar and crude oil. Used in the production of varnishes and lackers. A solvent for rubbers, resins and oils.Note :
((Dans la souce citée, on trouve en entrée:)) benzene (benzol).
Terme :
- benzene